Aperture value is the size of the hole the light passes through.
Small Opening - Large Aperture Value
Large Opening - Small Aperture Value
Aperture is found in your camera's lens, not in the camera!
Lens Specification:
85mm 1:1.2 : Here Milli meter is the focal length and 1.2 is the widest aperture value of the lens. '1:' means 'in a minute'. The Folca Length always comes first followed by the Aperture Value.
70-200mm 2.8: If the focal length is a range, it means that the lens is a zoom lens. It zooms from 70mm to 200mm.
70-300mm 4.5-5.6: Obviously its a zoom lens which zooms from 70 mm to 300mm. Now comes '4.5 - 5.6'. This means the aperture will not be stay constant while zooming. It varies. Most of the consumer lenses are of this category as lenses which give constant aperture value, costs more.
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